How to Resolve This Famous Statistics Paradox

The above is a pretty old question that I recently saw resurface on Twitter. Since I disagree with the answer given there, I figured I’d post my own analysis.

The tricky thing with this question is that it is self-referential. Usually, multiple-choice questions look like this:

What is the capital city of France? A) Amsterdam B) Rio de Janeiro C) Paris D) Sydney

There is one correct answer (C). We can now consider the following question about this capital-of-France question:

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