Defenestration of Prague
<p>In 1618, the Protestants of Bohemia (now the Czech Republic) were faced with a dilemma. Up until then, the Catholic rulers of the Holy Roman Empire had been tolerant of the Bohemians’ religion. Emperor Matthias I and his disinterested, occult-obsessed, and generally disliked brother Rudolf II had allowed anti-Catholic sentiment to prosper within the empire. It should be noted here that the Holy Roman Empire was not an empire in the sense that it was a unified group of territories ruled by a central capital (like the Roman Empire), but rather, a group of some 300 independent, Central European city-states, principalities, duchies, and kingdoms that all swore fealty to an elected emperor and promised to play nice with one another. Through skulduggery and shenanigans, the Habsburg family had essentially turned the titles of Emperor and King of Bohemia into hereditary positions a century and a half earlier.</p>
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