Climate Change
<p><em>Climate is the characteristic weather patterns in a specific area over a long period. It depends on factors like Earth’s rotation, axis tilt, and land-water distribution. Different regions have distinct climates, such as tropical, arid, continental, or polar. Climate is vital for shaping ecosystems and affecting human activities. It is also influenced by natural and human causes, like greenhouse gas emissions and deforestation.</em></p>
<p><em>Global warming refers to the long-term increase in the Earth’s average surface temperature, primarily caused by the greenhouse gases (such as carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor) that trap heat in the atmosphere. This process is known as the greenhouse effect, and it has led to a rise in global temperatures of about 1°C (1.8°F) since the pre-industrial era. The consequences of global warming include sea level rise, melting glaciers and ice caps, more frequent and intense heatwaves, droughts, wildfires, and extreme weather events.</em></p>
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