How computer modeling, simulations, and artificial intelligence impact protein engineering in biotechnology

In biotechnology, the areas of protein engineering and protein design deal with creating new proteins or modifying existing ones in order to modulate their properties as required for a given goal usually within the realm of the clinic/medicine or product manufacture. Example applications among a long list of potential uses include making enzymes more stable so that they will work under harsh conditions (or controllably less stable so that they can be selectively deactivated during a process), modifying their substrate profiles or precise functions, introducing new functions or regulatory mechanisms or simply knocking them down in a controlled fashion, tuning solubility or crystallizability, and even designing totally new proteins from scratch to controllably block or activate a cellular process.

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