Understanding Linux system security for Users Guide for beginners
<p>One of the most important security features of the Linux system today are passwords. Most administrators and server users use passwords to protect their system and gain access from others. In Linux (RHEL/DEBIAN) these passwords are stored in the passwd and shadow files in the /etc directory.</p>
<p>Most distributions use one-way encryption called DES (Data Encryption Standard) to encrypt passwords saved in the /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow files. When you try to log in the password is compared with the saved password, if a match is found, you are allowed to log in otherwise rejected by the system.</p>
<p><strong>Understand the /etc/passwd file: </strong>This file contains the required information used at the time of user login. This text file contains a list of user accounts for the system. This contains the following entry in each line and each field is separated by “<strong>:</strong>” so that it can be easily understood.</p>
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