Accountability in Our Democratic System: The Framers’ Vision and Constitutional Consequences
<p>Article II, Section 4 of the Constitution elucidates the process of impeachment, declaring that the President and other civil officers shall be “removed from office” upon conviction of treason, bribery, or high crimes and misdemeanors. However, removal from office is the sole specified penalty, leaving it to future Congresses to determine any additional sanctions through impeachment proceedings on a case-by-case basis.</p>
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<p>Similarly, Article I, Section 3 mandates “removal from Office” for Senators and Representatives found guilty of treason or bribery, but goes further by stating that they “shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law.” Here, the framers acknowledged that such crimes against the people may entail criminal penalties in addition to the forfeiture of one’s elected position.</p>
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