Why You Shouldn’t Be Afraid Of Radiation
<p><strong>Alpha decay: </strong>Alpha decay occurs when the atom ejects a particle from the nucleus, which consists of two neutrons and two protons. When this happens, the atomic number decreases by 2 and the mass decreases by 4.</p>
<p><strong>Beta decay:</strong> In basic beta decay, a neutron is turned into a proton and an electron is emitted from the nucleus. The atomic number increases by one, but the mass only decreases slightly.</p>
<p><strong>Gamma decay:</strong> Gamma decay takes place when there is residual energy in the nucleus following alpha or beta decay, or after neutron capture (a type of nuclear reaction) in a nuclear reactor. The residual energy is released as a photon of gamma radiation. Gamma decay generally does not affect the mass or atomic number of a radioisotope.</p>
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