Why did the ancient Greeks not withstand Rome, although they had successfully fought against the Persians before?
<p>The first and most crucial difference is which empire and in what state attacked Greece. The Persian Empire, more precisely, the Achaemenid state, was a purely terrestrial and rather loose political entity. Having conquered vast territories (from the coast of the Indus in the east to the Aegean Sea in the west), it struggled to maintain coherence and manageability. The army of this empire was well-organized and could conduct long campaigns, but only if sufficiently supplied with everything necessary, especially food and forage. The fleet was also huge, with over 400 biremes, triremes, and penteres.</p>
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