Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) for Dimensionality Reduction in Image Data
<p>I have already discussed different types of dimensionality reduction techniques in detail.</p>
<p><strong>Principal Component Analysis (PCA)</strong>, <strong>Factor Analysis (FA)</strong>, <strong>Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA)</strong>, <strong>Autoencoders (AEs)</strong>, and <strong>Kernel PCA</strong> are the most popular ones.</p>
<p>Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF or NNMF) is also a <em>linear</em> dimensionality reduction technique that can be used to reduce the dimensionality of the feature matrix.</p>
<p>All dimensionality reduction techniques fall under the category of unsupervised machine learning in which we can reveal hidden patterns and important relationships in the data without requiring labels.</p>
<p>So, dimensionality reduction algorithms deal with unlabeled data. When training such an algorithm, the <strong>fit()</strong> method only needs the feature matrix, <strong>X</strong> as the input and it does not require the label column, <strong>y</strong>.</p>
<p>As its name implies, non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) needs the feature matrix to be non-negative.</p>
<p>Because of this non-negativity constraint, the usage of NMF is limited to data with non-negative values such as image data (pixel values always lie between 0 and 255, hence there are no negative values in image data!).</p>
<p><a href="https://towardsdatascience.com/non-negative-matrix-factorization-nmf-for-dimensionality-reduction-in-image-data-8450f4cae8fa">Read More</a></p>