Rio, 40 Graus: Kickstarting Brazil’s Cinema Novo
<p>When Nelson Pereira dos Santos made <em>Rio, 40 Graus</em>, Brazil was experiencing a disorienting and violent transition both in the political sphere and the cinematic world. The ideology and techniques that would define the future were up for grabs and many people were wondering which way to turn. To start with, the Brazilian film industry experienced a profound but necessary loss when the Vera Cruz Studio failed. It was founded in 1949 by wealthy industrialists in Sao Paulo with the intention of transforming the Brazilian film industry into a new Hollywood. They immediately hired Alberto Cavalcanti, the director of the famous avant-garde film <em>Rien que les Heures</em> as its first director. Unfortunately, he was soon forced out because his artistic vision, as well as his homosexuality, were an affront to the investors. By 1954, Verz Cruz declared bankruptcy as it was an artistic and commercial failure.</p>
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