A simple explanation of Bayes’ theorem
<h1>A probability experiment</h1>
<p>Imagine you have a bag containing 100 plastic tokens. Some are square, some are circular. Some are red, some are blue. To be precise:</p>
<ul>
<li>80% of the tokens are squares, the rest are circles.</li>
<li>Of the square tokens, 75% are red and 25% are blue.</li>
<li>Of the circle tokens, 10% are red and 90% are blue.</li>
</ul>
<p>Now suppose someone takes a token from the bag, without you seeing it. They tell you it is blue, and ask you to guess the shape. Given that 90% of the circles are blue, many people might well guess that the shape is almost certainly a circle. In this article, we will see why that logic is flawed.</p>
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