The Battle of Marathon
<p>The Battle of Marathon, named after a town in Attica, symbolizes in historical tradition the victory of a small city, Athens, over a vast empire, the Persian Empire. Traditionally referred to as the "First Greco-Persian War," this battle is part of a series of conflicts between Greeks and Persians since the early 5th century, starting from the Ionian Revolt to the so-called Peace of Callias in the mid-5th century. Herodotus, the historian chronicling these conflicts, emphasizes the stakes of a battle decided, after deliberation, in the context of opposition in Athens, between supporters of tyrants and those of the new democracy established by Cleisthenes in 508. The victory at Marathon thus becomes, in the historiography of the 5th century, a symbol of the young democracy standing as a bulwark against tyranny and barbarism.</p>
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